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N0. 6l0,573. Patented Sept. l3, I898.

' R. WRIGHT.

GAS COMPRESSOR.

(Application filed Dec. 24, 1897.) v Modem 4 Sheets-Sheet l.

Ira/021 01- TW' No. 6l0,573. Patented Sept. 13,1898. R. WRIGHT.

GAS COMPRESSOR.

(Application filed Dec. 24, 1897. (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

No. 6|0,573. Patented Sept. l3, I898. R. WRIGHT.

GAS COMPRESSOR.

(Application filed Dc. 24, 1897.) (No Model.) 4 S heets- Sheet 3.

m: Noam: PETERS co.. wucrouwu, vusuwsrom a. c.

(N0 Model.)

WMSCJ Patented Sept. I3, I898. B. WRIGHT.

GAS COMPRESSOR.

(Application filed Dec. 24, 1897.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

m: NORRIS PETERS co. PHOTO-UTHQ, wusumnwm o. c

rrnn STATES A'TENT @rrrcn.

ROGER WRIGHT, or NEwcAs Ln' PoN-TYNE, ENGLAND.

G AS-CQMPRESSOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 610,573, datedSeptember 13, 1898. r iimign m December 24,1897, 'seriniro. 663,281. (Nomodel.)

' To all whom it may concern.-

According to this invention the gas or air.

is cooled both during and after compression by means of circulatingwater both outside the compressing cylinders and inside the plungerswhich work in those cylinders and by means of additional cooling-surface,which is provided by dividing the final compressingchamberinto two separate cylinders. The cooling-water also is caused tocirculate by utilizing the hollow air-compressing plungers aspump-barrels working on fixed pump plungers, serving as inlet-pipes tothe moving circulating-pumps. All valves also and the glands of thepiston and plunger rods are made accessible from the outside of thecirculating-tank in which the compressing-cylinders are fixed.

The compressors may be arranged singly or in groups of two, three, orfour. The drawings show a double machine.

Figure l is a plan, and Fig. 2 a half front elevation and a half-sectionon the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a left-hand side elevation; and Fig.4, a section on the line 4 4, Fig. 1, many parts being omitted. Figs. 5to 9 are sections, to a larger scale, showing the details of the variousvalves.

The air-compressor consists of a cylinder A, fitted with a piston A andplunger A and of two smaller cylinders B, fitted with plungers B. Thecylinders are fixed in a Watertank 0. The piston and plunger rods A andB are attached to one cross-head E, Figs. 2 and 3, actuated by asteam-engine or other motor, which is not shown in the drawings.

The plungers are made hollow and are fitted:

with pipes D, dipping from a fixed overhead circulating-pump-valve caseD. The dipping pipes pass through glands A and B fitted in the upperends of the hollow plungers, sojthat the cavities of these plungers formthe circulating-pump barrels. The air is further cooled during and aftercompression by coiling the connecting-pipes J between thecompressingcylinders and the final delivery-pipe in the circulating-tank.

The drawings show all the plungers in their lowest position, and thefollowing four operations, numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4., are effected ineach revolution of the engine, Nos. 1 and 2 taking place during theupstroke and Nos. 3

and 4. during the downstroke.

1. As the piston A in the larger cylinder A ascends free air is drawnthrough air-suction valves A Figs. 1 and 2, into the cylinder A. V

2. Simultaneously the air in the annular space A around the plunger A inthe larger cylinder A, which has already been compressed, (see operationNo. 3,) is still further compressed until it is superior in pressure tothe compressed air contained in the annular spaces around theplunger-rod B I in the smaller cylinders B, when it passes to the smallcylinders through delivery-valves F (shown separately at Fig. 5) intothe pipes G, led through the cold water in the cooling-tank 0. Thesepipes are fitted with check delivery-valves G, Fig. 6, at their entranceinto the cylinders B.

3. As the piston A in the larger cylinder A descends it compresses theair beneath it until it is superior in pressure to the air in theannular space A around the plunger A into which space it then passesthrough a delivery-valve H, Fig. 2, and is there further compressedduring the remainder of the downstroke.

4. Simultaneously the compressed air already in the annular spacesaround the plunger-rod B in the smaller cylinders B is furthercompressed by the downward stroke of the inverted plungers until itreaches the maximum pressure required,when it is forced throughdelivery-valves J, Fig. 7, into a coil of pipe J .in the cooling-tank,thence passing through the top of the tank by a pipe J 2 to theair-reservoir. Any water that may be carried with the compressed airfrom the compressing-cylinders is trapped in a separatorK.

Oil-boxes are cast on the sides of the overhead circulating-pump casing,and oil-pipes, each fitted with an independent oil-cock, are led to theglands of the plungers, which work through the top of the tank. Similaroil pipes and cooks are provided for lubricating the glands of the rodsWorking through the under side of the tank. Provision is also made fordropping oil into the air-suction valves for lubricating the inside ofthe compressing-cylinders.

A small cock L is provided on a pipe L, Figs. 1 and 2, connected to anyconvenient supply,for regulating a jet of cold water playing down thehollow casing M through the currents of air drawn into the air suctionvalve A The air-suction valves A and the deliveryvalve H, leading to theannular space around the plunger in the larger cylinder A, are carriedin casings M and N, fitted inside the plunger A from the top of whichthe casings and valves can be readily withdrawn. The delivery-valves F,between this annular space and the pipe G in the tank,are accessiblefrom the outside of the tank at the top. The check delivery-valves G atthe other end of the pipe G and the delivery-valves J, between thesmaller cylinders B and the coils J, are accessible from the outside ofthe tank at the bottom.

The larger cylinder A is fitted at top and bottom with relief-valves O,which are accessible from the outside of the tank.

Cold water is drawn into the casing D and hollow plungers when thelatter descend by the pipe B, Fig. 3, cock R, pipe R air vessel S, andcentral pipe S past the suctionvalve Q, Fig. 9. When the plungersascend, this water is forced into the tank 0 past the delivery-valve P,Fig. 8, by the central pipe T of the air vessel T and by the pipe Tleading from the latter. The water escapes from the tank 0 by the pipeV, Figs. 1 and 3, leaving from its top. The function of the air vesselsS and T is to provide an air-cushion which will counteract any shoc-kscaused by the alternate opening and closing of the valves P and Q.

The glands of all the plungers and rods are adapted for asbestos orsimilar packing and are all accessible from the outside of the tank.

What I claim is- 1. The combination of a cylinder, a plunger within thecylinder, a piston fixed to the plunger, two passages through theplunger, two casings removably fixed in the passages, an admission-valveat the end of one casing, a valve at the end of the other casing, anopening from the second valve into the annular space around the plungerand an escape- Valve from the annular space.

2. The combination of a cylinder, a hollow plunger within the cylinder,a piston fixed to the plunger, two passages through the plunger, twocasings removably fixed in the passages, an admission-valve at the endof one casing, a valve at the end of the other casing, an opening fromthe second valve into the annular space around the plunger, anescapevalve from the annular space, a stufiing-box fixed to the plunger,a stationary pipe entering the plunger through the stuffing-box andmeans for supplying water to the pipe.

3. The combination of a cylinder, a hollow plunger within the cylinder,a piston fixed to the plunger, two passages through the plunger, twocasings removably fixed in the passages, an admission-valve at the endof one casing, a valve at the end of the other casing, an opening fromthe second valve into the annular space around the plunger, anescapevalve from the annular space, a stuffing-box fixed to the plunger,a stationary pipe entering the plunger through the stuffing-box, a valveadmitting water to the pipe, and an escape-valve from the pipe.

4:. The combination of a cylinder, a plunger within the cylinder, apiston fixed to the plunger, an admission-valve to the space beneath thepiston, an escape-valve from it into the annular space around theplunger,two smaller cylinders,'a plunger in each, admission-valves fromthe annular space around the plunger of the larger cylinder into theannular spaces around the plunger-rods in the smaller cylinders, andescape-valves from these spaces.

5. The combination of a cylinder, a hollow plunger within the cylinder,a piston fixed to the plunger, an admission-valve to the space beneaththe piston, an escape-valve from it into the annular space around theplunger,two smaller cylinders, ahollow plunger in each, admission-valvesfrom the annular space around the plunger of the larger cylinder intothe annular spaces around the plunger-rods in the smaller cylinders,escape valves from these spaces, a stuffing-box fixed to each plunger,stationary pipes entering the plungers through the stuffing-boxes, andmeans for supplying water to the pipes.

6. The combination of a cylinder, a hollow plunger within the cylinder,a piston fixed to the plunger, an admissionvalve to the space beneaththe piston, an escape-valve from it into the annular space around theplunger, two smaller cylinders, a hollow plunger in each,admission-valves from the annular space around the plunger of the largercylinder into the annular spaces around the plunger-rods in the smallercylinders, escapevalves from these spaces, a stuffing-box fixed to eachplunger, a water-chamber, pipes fixed to the chamber and entering theplungers through the stuffing-boxes, a valve admitting water to thechamber, and an escape-valve from the chamber.

'7. The combination of a cylinder, a plunger within the cylinder, apiston fixed to the plunger, two passages through the plunger, anadmission-valve at the end of one passage, a valve at the end of theother passage, an opening from the second valve into the annular spacearound the plunger, two smaller cylinders, a plunger in each,admission-valves from the annular space around the plunger of the largercylinder into the annular spaces around the plunger-rods in the smallercylinders, and escape-valves from these spaces.

8. The combination of a cylinder, ahollow plunger within the cylinder, apiston fixed to the plunger, two passages through the plunger, anadmission-valve at the end of one pas-. sage, a valve at the end of theother passage, an opening from the second valve into the annular spacearound the plunger, two smaller cylinders, a hollow plunger in each,admission-valves from the annular space around the plunger of the largercylinder into the annular spaces around the plunger-rods in the smallercylinders, escape valves from these spaces, a stuffing-box fixed to eachplunger, stationary pipes entering the plungers through thestuffing-boxes,and means for supplying water to the pipes.

9. The combination of a cylinder, ahollow plunger within the cylinder, apiston fixed to the plunger, two passages through the plunger, anadmission-valve at the end of one passage, a valve at the end of theother passage, an opening from the second valve into the annular spacearound the plunger, two smaller cylinders, a hollow plunger in each,admission-valves from the annular space around the plunger of the largercylinder into the annular spaces around the plunger-rods in the smallercylinders, escape-valves from these spaces, a stuffing-box fixed to eachplunger, a water-chamber, pipes fixed to the chamber and entering theplungers through the stuffingboxes, a valve admitting water to thechamber, and an escape-valve from the chamber.

10. The combination of a cylinder, a hollow plunger within the cylinder,a piston fixed to the plunger, an admission-valve to the space beneaththe piston, an escape-valve from it into the annular space around theplunger, two smaller cylinders, a hollow plunger in each, admissionvalves from the annular space around the plunger of the larger cylinderinto the annular spaces around the plunger-rods in the smallercylinders, escape-valves from these spaces, a stutfing-box fixed to eachplunger, stationary pipes entering the plungers through thestuffing-boxes, means for supplying water to the pipes, a water-jacketaround the cylinders, and pipes in the waterjacket leading respectivelyfrom the exit from the larger cylinder to the smaller cylinders and fromthe exits from the smaller cylinders.

11. The combination of a cylinder, a hollow plunger within the cylinder,a piston fixed to the plunger, an admission-valve to the space beneaththe piston, an escape-valve from it into the annular space around theplunger, two smaller cylinders, a hollow plunger in each, admissionvalves from the annular space around the plunger of the larger cylinderinto the annular spaces around the plunger-rodsin the smaller cylinders,escape-valves from these spaces, a stuffing-box fixed to each plunger, awater-chamber, pipes fixed to the chamber and entering the plungersthrough the stuffing-boxes, a valve admitting water to the chamber, anescape-valve from the chamher, a water-jacket around the cylinders, andpipes in the water-jacket leading respectively from the exit from thelarger cylinder to the smaller cylinders, and from the exits from thesmaller cylinders.

12. The combination of a cylinder, a plunger within the cylinder, apiston fixed to the plunger, two passages through the plunger, anadmission-valve at theend of one passage, a valve at the end of theother passage, an opening from the second valve into the annular spacearound the plunger, two smaller cylinders, a plunger in each,admission-valves from the annular space around the plunger of the largercylinder into the annular spaces around the plunger-rods in the smallercylinders, escape-valves from these spaces, a water-jacket around thecylinders, and pipes in the waterjacket leading respectively from theexit from the larger cylinder to the smaller cylinders, and from theexits from the smaller cylinders.

13. The combination of a cylinder, a hollow plunger within the cylinder,a piston fixed to the plunger, two passages through the plunger, anadmission-valve at the end of one passage, a valve at the end of theother passage, an opening from the second valve into the annular spacearound the plunger, two smaller cylinders, a hollow plunger in each,admission valves from the annular space around the plunger of thelargercylinder into the annular spaces around the plunger-rods in the smallercylinders, escape-valves from these spaces, a stuffing box fixed to eachplunger, stationary pipes entering the plungers through thestuffing-boxes, means for supplying water to the pipes, a water-jacketaround the cylinders, and pipes in the waterjacket leading respectivelyfrom the exit from the larger cylinder to the smaller cylinders, andfrom the exits from the smaller cylinders. 4

14. The combination of a cylinder, a hollow plunger within the cylinder,a piston fixed to the plunger, two passages through the plunger, anadmission-valve at the end of one passage, a valve at the end of theother passage, an opening from the second valve into the annular spacearound the plunger, two smaller cylinders, a hollow plunger in each,admission valves from the annular space around the plunger of the largercylinder into the annular spaces around the plunger-rods in the smallercylinders, escape-valves from these spaces, a stuffing box fixed to eachplunger, a water-chamber, pipes fixed to the chamber and entering theplungers through the stuffing-boxes, a valve admitting water to thechamber, an escape-valve from the chamber, a water-jacket around thecylinders, and pipes in the water-jacket leading respectively from theexit from the larger cylinder to the smaller cylinders, and from theexits from the smaller cylinders.

ROGER WRIGHT.

Witnesses: H. B. NOBLE,

T. D. FENwIoK.

